المساعد الشخصي الرقمي

مشاهدة النسخة كاملة : بحوث اللغة الانجليزية


البندري
12-27-2005, 07:09 PM
Development of Personality


The children are usually very different from each other so the development of personality source explains the differences between siblings in the family. The most important part of the child’s is the child’s parents. Parents usually take care and teach their child’s a lot of things so they can live in their environments easily. There are many factors that contribute to the formation of a child’s personality such as the birth order, school, friendship, and television.

In all families there have to be a differences from each siblings. For example, the first-born has the easiest life than his later siblings, and they have a lot of freedom and they are independent, so they have more opportunity in life. In addition to the easiest life, the oldest child also has the most difficult life, because the parents expect too much of him or her. They must do many things such as: to work very hard, study very hard, and to get his parents accepter. So because of that they don’t have much time to sit and enjoy discuss with their parents. More about difficulty of the oldest child is that they are responsible, that he or she has to take care of his youngest siblings, and because their parents want them to be a good person and educated, so the siblings will go on their line, and it is very difficult to be a highly educated person. So they have more jobs to do. Because of all the responsibility placed on the oldest child, they have the most difficult life in the family after the father. The middle child has the happiest life in the family because the parent’s attention is all on the oldest child and the youngest child, so he or she is free and independent. They can do many things and when they needs help they always turn to the oldest child or their parents to help them. They can do everything and if they get into a trouble they can easily find the solution from the older people in the family. The youngest child has the easiest life because the parents are around them taking care of them. They give them all the attention and they do everything that they want and also they are always on their side. The youngest child is often spoilt because of all the care and attention he or she receives.

One of the factors that contribute to the formation of a child’s personality is school. School is one of the most important things that influence on a child personality. All parents send their children to school when they are at five or six years old. This positively effects on a child, because learning in at lower age in modern way, with a great teachers that knows how to be with a children. School is the second home for the children. Children always go to the school to learn many things such us some information about the world, the history of each country and history of other country, and learn how to talk with other people educationally. When children go to school, for them this will be like going to a new world. Where they can get new friends from different places in their country and be together.

Friends are an important source of influence on the children personality too. Development psychologists have learned that children affected by other children from the time they are infants. Other studies show that pairs of children aged 6 months, 9 months, and 1 year smiled, touched, and babbled to each other. When babies had no toys, they spent more of their time interacting. As children grow up, their behavior becomes more worked out with much care involving new social skills. Parents have to know their children’s friends, whom their children are talking to, and going out with because there are some bad friends that can influence on their children and learned them bad things as they do. So parents should take care of their children by learning them to choose good friends and a friend that they can trust on.

In many cases we can see advantages and disadvantages things. Television is one of these things, so we can either find advantages or disadvantages. The disadvantages are more than the advantages for the child who spends his time on the TV because this programs may effect on child easily. So these types of programs should be take care by family to protect their child from disappoints. Facing the TV for long time is one of the ways, which effect on the child personality because this ignores the child from many things, which is important to his life. Plus it effects on the child’s eyes. There are many kinds of movies that affects on kids’ personality directly or indirectly such as horror movies, action movies and attractive dance or blue movies. A horror movie is one which effect on the child personality because his imagination become weak and let him afraid from small reasons. Action movies effects on kids too, which include murder, hits, and rips. So this will teach the kids that what is going is right if they did not get advice from there parents that what is going is totally wrong. According to sciences study it's proved that kids mind are directly affect with those movies. This happened when the child try to do what he/she saw during the movies. On the other hand, there are advantages of watching TV such as sports movies, study programs, Islamic programs and competition programs. In all these fields the child brain we improve so which will give positive effects.

In conclusion, the studies of the development of personality source learned many things for the parents to behave their children personality. And that’s all improving the child’s to develop certain attitudes toward himself and toward other people. In addition, it is helpful for the country if the children are already knows many things in their environments and studies on it. All these things can affect our child personality in the future.

البندري
12-27-2005, 07:10 PM
The Message of Peace
The Prophet's Message of Peace

A major part of the Prophet’s mission was to bring peace to the world.

One of the ways in which he strove towards this end was to attempt to convince people that all men and women, albeit inhabiting very different regions of the world, and different from one another in color, culture and ********, et cetera, were in fact blood brothers and sisters.

His message was crucial, for a proper relationship of love and respect can be established only if that is how human beings regard one another. To inculcate such feelings, the Prophet would preach to his followers, "You are all Adam’s offspring and Adam was made of clay." And in his prayers to his Creator, he said, "O Lord, all Your servants are brothers."

The Prophet would exhort his followers to live in peace with their fellow men, saying, “A true believer is one with whom others feel secure,” one who returns love for hatred. He used to teach the believers that anyone who would return love only when love was given belonged on a lower ethical plane.

The true believer never reasons that only if people treat him well that he will treat them well in return. He is accustomed rather to doing good to those who mistreat him, and to refrain from harming those who do him injury. The Prophet himself set the example. All his recorded words and actions reveal him as a man of great gentleness, kindness, humility, good humor and excellent common sense, with a great love for all people and even for animals.

Despite his position as leader, the Prophet never believed himself to be greater or better than other people. He never made others feel small, unwanted or embarrassed. He urged his followers to behave kindly and humbly, releasing slaves whenever possible, and giving in charity — especially to very poor people, orphans and prisoners — without any thought of reward.

He told the people that "every religion has some special characteristic, that of Islam being modesty." In the absence of such a virtue, no community can have lasting peace. The Prophet’s own modesty, coupled with great strength of character, is depicted in a well-known story of an old Makkan woman who hated the Prophet.

Every morning when the Prophet passed by her house, she would empty a basket of rubbish on his head from the upper story of her house. He never once remonstrated with her about this. One day, when the Prophet passed through this area, no rubbish fell on his head. Thinking that the old woman must be ill, he went upstairs to inquire how she was, and found her ill in bed.

When she discovered that the Prophet had come to see her, she began to weep, "I ill-treated you, and now you come to inquire after my health!" Ultimately, she became one of his followers. What strength of character, what patience and tolerance the Prophet evinced in refusing to be provoked, preferring rather to show kindness and magnanimity to one who had wished him ill.

His was a high moral character, so that even if badly treated by others, he went on returning good for evil. People harmed him, yet he would pray for them. He would remain patient in the face of oppression and, regardless of the provocation, he would refrain from becoming incensed. In setting this example, his aim was to fashion souls that were God-oriented, that found Allah so great that everything else paled into insignificance.

He wanted everyone to have such boundless peace of mind that nothing could disturb him. Such balanced individuals would never then become prey to worldliness. Totally free from negative reaction, they would then be able to turn everything in this world, whether material or spiritual, into food for more profound thought, rather than into pre****s for rash and vengeful action.

The essence of this philosophy is expressed in one of the Prophet’s sayings: "Nine things the Lord has commanded me: Fear of Allah in private and in public; justness, whether in anger or in calmness; moderation in both poverty and affluence; that I should join hands with those who break away from me; and give to those who deprive me; and forgive those who wrong me; and that my silence should be meditation; and my words be remembrance of Allah; and my vision be keen observation."

Throughout the first thirteen years of his Mission, Prophet Muhammad preached in Makkah, but it was in the face of bitter opposition from the Makkans. When it became impossible for him to stay there, he left for Madinah.

Wars were waged against him, but he showed his antagonists that the power of peace was far greater than that of war. The peace treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah is a clear example of this, when the Prophet agreed to every demand his antagonists made on the sole assurance that peace would subsequently prevail.

His life’s experience ranged from penury to prosperity, from defeat to success, yet whatever the degree of well-being or hardship, he steadfastly trod the path of moderation. At all times and right till the end, he remained a patient and grateful servant of the Almighty, bringing his message of peace and tolerance to mankind.

البندري
12-27-2005, 07:11 PM
The history of money
Have you ever wondered how money started? The first kinds of money didn't look anything like what we use for money now. This paper will look at how money moved from stuff to the bills and coins we use now. I will include a kind of timeline to show what money was used when.
Before there was money, there was bartering. Bartering is the thing you do when you trade something for something else. Some people think that animals and plants do it! (That is not true!!!) Some people still do bartering, even in America! One time, Mommy traded Miss Pam, her hairdresser, piano lessons for her daughter in exchange for getting her hair done.
9,000--6,00 BC: Cattle
After bartering, there was Cattle, which is anything from cows, to sheep, to camels, are the first and oldest form of money. It is almost bartering, but it is not. After a while, people started using fruits and vegetables, too.
1,200 BC: Cowrie *****s
After cattle, there were Cowrie *****s. A Cowrie ***** is a small clam *****. It was first used in China. Many countries have used cowries as money, and even as recently as the middle of (the twentieth) century. Cowries have also been used in some parts of Africa. The Cowrie is the most widely and longest used money in history.
1,000 BC: First ****l Money and Coins
After real Cowrie *****s, they made bonze and copper Cowrie *****s in China at the end of the Stone Age. These were some of the earliest ****l coins. ****l tool money, such as knife and spade money, was also first used in China. This early ****l money became coins. Chinese coins often had holes so they could be put together like a chain.
500 BC: modern Coinage
After fake cowry *****s, people outside of China made the first coins out of lumps of silver! They soon started to look like (the) round coins we use now, and were stamped with various gods and emperors to mark where they were from. These early coins were first used in Lydia, which is part of present-day Turkey, but the techniques were quickly copied and changed by the Greek, Persian, Macedonian, and later the Roman empires. Unlike Chinese coins, which depended on **** ****ls, like copper, these new coins were made from precious ****ls such as silver, bronze, and gold, which had more value.
118 BC: Leather Money
Leather money was used in China in the form of one-foot-square pieces of white deerskin with colorful borders. This could be considered the first known banknote (dollar).
800-900 AD: The Nose
The phrase, "to pay through the nose" comes form Danes in Ireland, who slit the noses of those who were lazy in paying the Danish poll tax.
806 AD: Paper Currency
The first paper banknote appeared in China. In all, China experienced over 500 years of early paper money, going from the ninth through the fifteenth century. Then, beginning in 1455, the use of paper money in China disappeared for several hundred years.
1535: Wampum
Wampum, which are strings of beads made from clam *****s, was first used by North American Indians in 1535. The Indian word, "wampum,: means white, which was the color of the beads.
1816: The Gold Standard
After wampum, gold was first made the standard in England in 1816. Then, they made a bank note worth a certain value of gold. Banknotes had been used in England and Europe for several hundred years before this time, but they were never worth gold. In the united States, the Gold Standard Act was started in 1900, which later led to a bank.
1930: End of the Gold Standard
The massive Depression of the 1930s ended the Gold Standard. In the United States, the gold standard was changed and the price of gold was lowered. The British and International gold standards soon ended as well.
The Present
Today, money continues to change and develop, as evidenced by the new $100 U.S. Ben Franklin bill. The hundred-dollar bill changed in 1996 to make it harder to copy. First, the picture of Ben Franklin was made bigger, and then it was moved to the left, which made it harder to crease his face. They also added more fine lines in the writing on the bill. Another special thing about the $100 bill is the special ink. It is black and green, depending on the light. This ink is only made in America.
The Future: Electronic Money
Digital cash in the form of bits and bytes will most likely become a new money of the future. Businesses are already using this kind of money on the Internet.

البندري
12-27-2005, 07:13 PM
Nine o SuccessSteps t
by Dr. Robert Sullivan
=================
Get smart.
You might know a lot about your product or service but you might not be knowledgeable about the practical aspects of starting and operating a business. Be honest when assessing your knowledge and take advantage of available information as well as the various support organizations such as the SBA (800 827 5722 or on the internet http://www.sbaonline.gov) or your local SCORE chapter. Learn from others mistakes!


Get advice.
You cannot be an expert on everything. Get assistance early from as many sources as possible. Talk to your attorney, accountant and banker. Talk to your friends, family and your competition.


Plan.
A major reason for business failure is lack of planning. Fail to plan and you plan to fail. Prepare a strategic plan for your business that clearly defines your mission, your present situation, your strategies, and where you want to be in the next three to five years. This plan will be your roadmap to effective decision making.


Protect yourself.
Before you start operations, make certain you are protected from a legal and insurance point of view. Select a business legal structure (talk to your attorney) and develop a insurance program (talk with an independent insurance agent) that is best for your type of business. Take NO chances!


Avoid hiring employees at the start.
This is not always possible but put it off for as long a possible. The legal complexities of hiring and maintaining employees (even one!) can be daunting and take up a lot of your time.


Purchase a computer and learn to use it.
Operating your business without a computer will put you at an immediate disadvantage. They are simply too valuable as a time-saving tool. Don't be overwhelmed at the apparent complexity of a computer, once you begin they are quite easy to use. Furthermore you will want a computer to take advantage of the internet - the most exciting development of recent times for communications (e-mail: send a message anywhere in the world with no long distance charges) and research (The world wide web or WWW is an amazio. There will be good times and bad. Be persistent and stubborn - view any failure as a learning experience and an opportunity for additional success.


Visualize success.
Keep your goals in mind and expect that you will achieve them. Don't lose sight of your goal ... keep pushing.

And finally...


Don't delay acting on a good idea.
Even a great idea is worthless if you don't do something with it